When Chinese leader Xi Jinping came to power in 2012, he revealed a far-reaching vision for The country’s “major revival” is a “dream” of making China powerful and prosperous.
Ten years later, Xi changed China. How Xi changed China He has united the country as a force on the world stage with a wide economic footprint. modern military and increased technological capabilities.
But China has become a more restricted place for its citizens. with the rapid suppression of dissidents widespread surveillance and increased social control This is even more pronounced under the color’s expensive and isolated COVID-free policy.
With the Communist Party of China in the midst of a five-year leadership change, CNN looks back on a decade of China’s massive transformation that marked the start of the country’s next chapter, as Xi, the most powerful leader in decades. step in Third term that breaks the expected norm.
power to party
Xi has overseen a broader anti-corruption campaign within the Communist Party to seize his power. Critics call this a political sweep. But the drive appears to be publicly supported in a crackdown on excessive culture and corruption among “tigers” – high-ranking officials – and “flies” – lower-ranking practitioners.
Officials have been investigating since the 18th Party Congress at the end of 2012, when Xi Jinping came to power.
Among them were high-ranking officials.
Source: Central Committee for Disciplinary Examination of NCPO (2022)
Credits (top right): Ng Han Guan/AP, Kevin Frayer/Getty Images, Noel Celis/AFP/Getty Images, Ng Han Guan/AP, Nicolas Asfouri/AFP/Getty Images.
Credits (clockwise from top left): Ng Han Guan/AP, Kevin Frayer/Getty Images, Nicolas Asfouri/AFP/Getty Images, Noel Celis/AFP/Getty Images, Ng Han Guan/AP.
Xi has also built a cult of personality around him as the “core” of the party and strengthening its role in all areas of life.
Belt and Road Initiative
Chinese authorities have invested money at AidData, a US research lab. It is projected to average $85 billion a year in infrastructure financing from Southeast Asia to Latin America under Xi’s flagship program, although risky lending has been criticized.
territorial claims
Beijing is resolute in its territorial claims, such as an armed island in the South China Sea. clash with India at the Himalayan border stirs up tensions with Japan over uninhabited islands and adding rhetoric about their claims against Taiwan.
“Wolf Warrior”
Beijing supports a new kind of diplomat: fighting, insisting and ready to whip. Either in the United Nations or on social media. to protect the color policy
climate leadership
Xi pledged that China, the largest emitter of greenhouse gases, would be carbon neutral by 2060 and stop building coal power plants overseas. Although transparency is still limited
closer to Russia
Beijing and Moscow have tightened. Their “strategic partner” over the past few years. It comes closer to sequential tensions with the West and personal ties between Xi and Russian President Vladimir Putin.
soldier amplification
Xi launched a large project to reform and modernize the People’s Liberation Army. And turn the Chinese navy into the largest in the world with the size of the fleet. It opened its first foreign military base in Djibouti in 2017.
“general prosperity”
turning china into The “moderately prosperous society” was the cornerstone of Xi’s decades of power. “absolute poverty” in rural areas.
In the early years, private companies have grown without hindrances. And the consumer technology revolution has blossomed. It adds convenience to everyday life for the growing middle class. As China shifts from an industrial hub to a high-tech service and economy.
Some of these movements along with the Covid-free policy. contributed to higher unemployment and dragging China’s already slow growth.
million
Rural residents are not below standards. China’s “true poverty” since 2012.
billion
Internet users in China as of June 2022, up from 564 million in 2012.
kilometers (about 20,000 miles) added to China’s high-speed rail network since late 2012
$ Trillion
Estimated market value loss for Chinese companies worldwide at the peak of China’s crackdown on NGOs in 2021.
Source: China State Council Information Office China Internet Network Information Center Xinhua News Agency and Goldman Sachs.
The rights group stated that More than 1 million Uighurs and other minorities are held in detention. According to the rights group report where torture and sexual harassment were reported. China said it had demolished the zero. But investigators said some of the detainees were transferred to prisons.
Extensive video surveillance system police checkpoint Biometric data collection and digital monitoring in Xinjiang all cited in the United Nations report. It is believed to allow local authorities to track and target the Muslim minority.
Authorities have cracked down on the Uighurs and the cultural identity of other ethnic groups. including limiting religious practices human rights group said Researchers have also documented the destruction of religious sites such as mosques and cemeteries.
Mass detention and other controls that restricts movement in and out of the region As a result, the family had to be separated from him for many years. Forced vasectomy and contraception have also been reported.
credit: Guillaume Payen/Sopa Images/LightRocket/Getty Images
the end of one child policy
Falling birth rates – and the economic risks of an aging society and declining labor force – have driven China to overhaul limited contraception for decades. By ending its one-child policy in 2015, the demographic crisis continued, and by 2021, China relaxed further rules. family with three children.
But for many young people struggling with unattainable house prices. long working day and challenging job market The government’s push for marriage and children remains uninteresting. Especially for women who continue to bear the burden of raising children due to ingrained gender norms.
“We are the last generation.”
suppress Hong Kong
Massive pro-democracy protests in Hong Kong in 2019 brought hundreds of thousands of people on the streets. This is the biggest challenge for the city’s government. since the British took power from Chinese rule in 1997.
People were arrested under national security law as of June, 124 people and five companies were prosecuted.
People have been arrested for participating in the 2019 protests, with 2,804 prosecuted.
Source: Hong Kong Security Agency.
We must ensure that Hong Kong is ruled by patriots … There is no country or region in the world where the people of Hong Kong will allow unpatriotic or even traitorous forces or individuals to take power.”
uncomfortable oppose
Xi has overseen a massive crackdown on civil society. This has choked the already limited sector by targeting or imprisoning human rights lawyers, academics, journalists, feminists and activists. Xi’s era also includes broader efforts to curb all forms of conflict and Support data control including online surveillance and censorship.
During the so-called “709” crackdown in 2015, about 300 lawyers and human rights activists were gathered for questioning. According to the observation group Some were later sentenced to prison. This is a state-sponsored attack on civil rights in China.
I will continue to defend Wang Quanzhang’s rights. I will take care of our children and wait for Wang Quanzhang to return home.”
technology power plant and digital surveillance
Xi called innovation a “The spirit that drives the progress of the country” and increases funding for research. At the same time, it oversees China’s push to be a leader in advanced technology. From space to quantum computers and AI to green energy.
China’s high-tech talent also has another focus: tracking the public through large-scale video surveillance installations and biometric data collection. which is an escalating effort to combat COVID-19.
free from covid policy
Since China led the COVID-19 outbreak The world’s first came under control in early 2020. Beijing has used a manual of intolerance to crack down on the resurrection. By harnessing the power of a totalitarian state and surveillance powers to impose a lockdown. Enforce centralized quarantine and normal mandate Covid-19 test. Although the policy initially appeared to be supported by the wider public, But two years later, the dissatisfaction grew.
from today onwards The main mission of the Communist Party of China is to lead Chinese people of all ethnic groups with a concerted effort. to advance the Chinese nation in all aspects through the China path to modernity.”
