Cancer is one of the most common diseases Breast Cancer Treatment in the world. Fortunately, there are continuous advances in its treatment.
Doctors from all over the world come together every year in the US state of Chicago to inform each other about the progress in cancer diagnosis and treatment.
Research presented at this year’s meeting of the American Society of Clinical Oncology has led to more hope for cancer treatment and, according to oncologists, or cancer treatment specialists, an approach to eradicating certain types of tumors. Change has occurred.
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Breast Cancer Treatment A Drug That’s Benefiting More People
The intravenous drug trastuzumab has been used for decades to treat breast cancer. It is an effective drug but only works in patients who have a specific gene called HER2 (HER2). Now a new compound called Deroxetine can increase the effect of trastuzumab.
“We are seeing the arrival of a revolutionary drug,” says oncologist (cancer specialist) Romuald Brusso at Serien-Lebanez Hospital in the Brazilian capital, Brasilia.
Explaining his point, he said that it attacks the tumor by deception. That is, it looks like something else when it enters the body and becomes something else when it starts its work. Trastuzumab is a type of monoclonal antibody that, in the case of breast cancer, attaches to receptors found on the surface of cancer cells.
As a result of this process, the body’s immune system (immune system) comes into action and starts fighting against cancer by realizing the danger.
At the same time, Deroxetine enters the diseased cells and initiates the chemotherapy process and destroys the tumor from the inside. The novelty of this treatment is not only in its mechanism, but the drug is also effective in patients in whom the HER2 gene is not present in an advanced form.
This medicine is given by intravenous injection every 21 days. At present, this drug is in the approval stage for use in hospitals by authorized bodies. Initially, this drug can be used in patients in whom other drugs have failed and the cancer has spread. Oncologist Brosseau says that in time it will also be used in the early treatment of cancer.
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Rectal Cancer: The Wonder Drug
It is a drug whose results have surprised even doctors because during initial trials, patients with rectal cancer (cancer of the last part of the large intestine) who were given this drug got completely cured. The drug is called dosterlimib and is already used to treat other types of tumors. It stimulates the immune system or the body’s immune system to attack cancer cells.
During the trial, the drug was administered to 12 patients and monitored for six months. None of the patients had any signs of cancer at the end of the trial. This has the advantage that patients are spared intensive treatments such as surgery, radiotherapy (radiation therapy) or chemotherapy.
“Even the doctors were surprised,” says Rachel Reich Elman, an oncologist at the AC Camargo Cancer Center in Sao Paulo. Despite this discovery, several things have to be kept in mind. First of all, the observation time was only six months which is short. “The disease may come back after a few years,” says Reich Elman.
Secondly, the drug is only effective in patients with tumors with ‘microsatellite instability’ (MSI-H). About one percent of rectal cancer cases meet this criteria. This new treatment has not yet been approved, but research is ongoing.
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Colorectal cancer: A test that can save patients from unnecessary chemotherapy.
Another innovation or invention presented by a team of researchers from Australia aims to minimally interfere with the body of cancer patients. They researched a method called ‘liquid biopsy’. This involves detecting tumor fragments that break off from the tumor’s DNA and enter the bloodstream.
Patients with colorectal cancer (cancer of the area where the upper and lower parts of the large intestine meet) have to undergo an operation in which the affected part of the colon is removed. After surgery, many patients need chemotherapy to kill any remaining tumor cells.
Thus, the risk of recurrence of the disease is reduced. But this treatment is very harsh and may have side effects.
With the help of ‘Liquid Biopsy’ it will be known whether the patient needs chemotherapy or not.
The study involved 455 volunteers. “It could cut the number of patients needing chemotherapy in half, without affecting their survival rate,” says Rodrigo Defenseman, an oncologist at Sao Paulo-based Oncoclinics Precision Medicine.
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Pancreatic cancer: Hope for successful treatment.
Pancreatic cancer is considered to be one of the cancers whose treatment is difficult to predict. Advances over the past 10 years have been limited to chemotherapy treatments. As for newer and less intensive treatments such as immunotherapy or monoclonal antibodies, positive results have not yet emerged in this type of patient.
For the treatment of this type of cancer, tests have been introduced for the first time in which the CAR-T cell method has been adopted. In this, after the patient’s own immune system cells are removed, they are modified in the laboratory and these modified cells are reintroduced into the patient’s body to attack the tumor.
“While this is very exciting, it’s not something that will be available in our hospitals tomorrow,” says Paolo Hoff, professor of clinical oncology at the University of São Paulo. There is still a long way to go, but now at least there is hope that we are on the right track.
